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Purpose of review: To provide a consolidated update regarding preoperative evaluation for cataract surgery.
Recent findings: Visual acuity alone is a poor gauge of cataract disability. Modalities such as wave front aberrometry, lens densitometry, and light-scatter assessments can quantify optical aspects of cataract and may prove clinically useful in surgical evaluation. Advances in biometry are driving improvements in refractive outcomes, which in turn have increased patient expectations. Future advances in biometry technology may include three-dimensional imaging of the cornea and lens. Screening for ocular comorbidities has become increasingly important, particularly to guide lens selection. Risk stratification systems can help guide surgical decisions and may decrease intraoperative complication rate. A comprehensive medical history and physical is currently mandated for all Medicare patients undergoing cataract surgery but may be of limited utility for low-risk patients.
Summary: Rising patient expectations and a growing number of surgical choices have expanded the cataract preoperative evaluation. A systematic and comprehensive examination which includes identifying any ocular comorbidity is essential for surgical planning and counseling on visual prognosis. New technologies will continue to inform, but not replace, sound clinical judgment.
Purpose of review: To provide a consolidated update regarding preoperative evaluation for cataract surgery.
Recent findings: Visual acuity alone is a poor gauge of cataract disability. Modalities such as wave front aberrometry, lens densitometry, and light-scatter assessments can quantify optical aspects of cataract and may prove clinically useful in surgical evaluation. Advances in biometry are driving improvements in refractive outcomes, ...
Cataracte (Ophtalmologie) ; Chirurgie ; Ophtalmologie
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Purpose of review: To review the different methods of chopping in cataract surgery.
Recent findings: Chop techniques are of advantage in reducing the amount of phaco energy, endothelial damage as well as zonular stress to the eye. Various methods have been described including the classical horizontal and vertical chops as well as newer chop techniques for all grades of cataract. Femtochop using the femtosecond laser as well as the use of a microinterventional snare are more recent advances.
Summary: Learning chop manoeuvres - both the classically described ones as well as newer ones and adaptation to various scenarios is important in successfully and safely performing cataract surgery. This becomes especially more important in challenging situations such as low endothelial count, small pupil, subluxated cataract, and so forth.
Purpose of review: To review the different methods of chopping in cataract surgery.
Recent findings: Chop techniques are of advantage in reducing the amount of phaco energy, endothelial damage as well as zonular stress to the eye. Various methods have been described including the classical horizontal and vertical chops as well as newer chop techniques for all grades of cataract. Femtochop using the femtosecond laser as well as the use of a ...
Cataracte (Ophtalmologie) ; Chirurgie ; Ophtalmologie
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Purpose of review: To provide a comprehensive summary of the latest evidence-based data on nutrients linked to the pathogenesis of cataract formation and progression.
Recent findings: This summary of peer-reviewed publications emphasizes the ongoing effort to modulate the cataractogenous process through nutrition, and points at an only weak evidence for the contribution of a specific nutrient to this process. Although observational studies successfully demonstrated a positive correlation between specific nutrients intake and age-related cataract, such evidence was usually lacking in following interventional studies. Three metanalyses point towards a beneficial effect of high intake of vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin A on the risk of age-related cataract. New studies point at a protective effect of a high intake of vitamin K1 and vitamin D but negate the influence of Mediterranean diet or an overall high dairy consumption on the progression of cataract in a subgroup of patients. Sterols are candidate nutrients for future investigation.
Summary: Nutrition rich in fruits and vegetables, and a high dietary intake of vitamins A, C, D, E and K1 may be inversely associated with the risk of age-related cataract. More studies involving patients in a wide range of nutritional status are required to establish the long-term benefit of nutritional supplements.
Purpose of review: To provide a comprehensive summary of the latest evidence-based data on nutrients linked to the pathogenesis of cataract formation and progression.
Recent findings: This summary of peer-reviewed publications emphasizes the ongoing effort to modulate the cataractogenous process through nutrition, and points at an only weak evidence for the contribution of a specific nutrient to this process. Although observational studies ...
Nutrition ; Cataracte (Ophtalmologie) ; Ophtalmologie
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